Department of Biological Sciences
BIO 205
Elements of Microbiology
Summer Session II 2002
Instructor: Dr. Fernando
Monroy
Office: Biol.
Sci. 203
Phone: Office 523-0042
Email:
Fernando.Monroy@nau.edu
Web site: http://www2.nau.edu/~fpm/
Office Hours:
Course Prerequisites:
One semester each of college level Biology and Chemistry.
Course Location
:
Lectures in
Required Textbook.
Microbiology- An Introduction
by Tortora, Funke
& Case, Publisher Allison Wesley – Benjamin Cummings, 7th
Edition, 2001.
Required Laboratory Material:
Elements of Microbiology
by Richard Shand, Published by the NAU Dept.
of Biological Sciences, 2000. Other books required for the laboratory include
“A Photographic Atlas of Microbiology”, and “How to Write a Scientific Paper”.
Course Description:
This course represents a general introduction to microorganisms as well
as to biochemistry and molecular and cellular biology. It includes a comprehensive
coverage of the biochemistry and genetics associated with microorganisms.
In addition we will cover the control of microorganisms in our environment
as well as in the bodies of patients with infectious diseases. A reasonably
complete account of immunology as well as vaccination disease control programs
will be covered. Medical microbiology will be covered as it relates to the
description, treatment, and prevention of infectious diseases caused by
microorganisms. The course is designed to stimulate a conceptual understanding
as to why infection with certain microorganisms is followed by disease while
infection with other microorganisms does not produce disease.
In general,
lectures will emphasize more conceptually difficult material. For other
material that is relevant but was covered in your previous BIO181, I will
ask you to review and learn it on your own by reading assigned pages from
your textbook.
Course Objectives:
1) To promote critical thinking among students; 2) to provide students with a foundation in microbiology and microbiological processes; 3) to provide students with knowledge on how microbes can cause and spread disease and 4) to provide knowledge of how the immune system protect us from daily contact with microorganisms. In this class we are going to build on your previous knowledge in biochemistry, genetics, and cell biology learned in BIO181.
Expectations of the Students:
1) Although there is a significant memorization component to this course,
students will be tested on their problem solving abilities. Consequently
students who simply memorize material in preparation for the examinations
score much lower than students who actually understand the material and can
apply what they know to problems that they have not seen before.
Many exam questions will require not only that you have command
of covered factual information, and understand it, but also be
able to extrapolate material to situations not covered in class.
2) Students are expected to behave professionally at all times.
For each hour you spend in lecture you will be expected to spend at least
two hours in study and preparation outside the class.
You will also spend time outside the laboratory writing lab reports,
studying for quizzes, preparing for upcoming labs, etc.
3) Regular attendance is critical for success.
It is recognized that absence from class is sometimes necessary.
However, each student is accountable for all work missed due to any absence.
The instructor is under no obligation to make special arrangements
for students who have been absent.
If you miss one class, you may be 1-2 chapters behind!!!!!
4) Students are expected to be on time and leave the classroom when the
instructor indicates the class is over.
5) Following exams the instructor will return graded exams
by Monday after the exam.
Strategies for Success: (these
suggestions have helped students to be successful in the past):
1) Record the lecture on tape and then play it back while reviewing your lectures notes. This will also help you if you have problems with the Aussie-Tex-Mex accent of the instructor. Note that many students like to “re-write” their lecture notes. Unfortunately, this is a singularly unproductive study method for many students. It is much more efficient to edit the notes you already have (even if they are a bit messy) while listening to the tape.
2) Form small study groups. Microbiology is a difficult subject; so forming
small study groups early in the semester and getting together at least once
a week to review that week’s material is very helpful.
If you can explain the material to someone else, it is likely
that you will understand it yourself.
3) Learn the material as you go along rather than trying to learn it just
before the exam. There are daily
lectures of 2 hours each and the amount of material accumulates quickly.
4) If you have trouble getting to office hours, take advantage of the Learning Assistance Center (LAC) for questions about this topic, as well as for help on how to improve your study.
Grading:
Your final grade is a combination of the course plus the laboratory.
Your grade will be 75% from lecture exams, 5% from a clinical case report,
and 20% from the laboratory. The
lecture contains 3 cumulative exams
worth 100 points each, plus 1
non-cumulative final worth 150 points = 450 points total.
No exam will be dropped
. I may allow students who obtain
A’s (90 or better) in each exam (not 96 and 88!!!) to skip the final.
However, their attendance to class would be mandatory.
The laboratory counts 20% (with a total of 300 points). To determine
your final grade in the lab multiply the total number of points you earned
in the lab by 0.067. Example, 250 points out of 300, now 250 x 0.067 = 16.75
points from the lab towards your final grade. The better your grade in the
lab the better percentage to be used towards your final grade.
Grading Policy:
A - 90-100%
B - 80-89%
C - 70-79%
D - 60-69%
F - below 60%
Exam Questions: Exams for this
class will primarily contain multiple choice questions, matching questions,
and true/false questions. I will
try to include in each exam an essay question or diagrams for you to label
and describe.
Examination Make-up:
No make up exams will be offered. No exceptions
.
Curving Exams: There are
NO curves in this class.
a) Lecture Grade:
Three one-hour exams of 50 questions each.
Lecture will follow the exam so, you can only take 50-60 min.
Immediately following the exam, our next lecture will be provided.
Starting with the second exam, five questions (45 + 5) will come from the
previous exam(s). The final exam will
be weighted more than earlier exams and therefore it will contain 75 questions.
This final exam is not comprehensive and only covers material from the last
exam until our last lecture.
Exam 1
Exam 2
Exam 3
Final Exam
450
points .
This will count for 75% of your final lecture grade
NOTE: All
lecture exams will be preceded by a detailed study guide and an afternoon
review session the Thursday before the exam.
b) Laboratory grade (quizzes,
exams, etc for a total of 300 points).
This will count for 20% of your final grade
c) Clinical case report.
This will count 5% of your final grade.
How to do the clinical case?
Cases will be assigned by the instructor from “The Microbe Files” textbook.
If you do not have a copy of this book, a copy will be place in reserve
at the library.
Requisites:
1. It must be typed
2. It can be no more than 3 pages
3. You must type the questions (you can leave out the case background)
with each of your answers.
4. You must include at least 2 references
a) Scientific paper: Sanchez, R. & Smith, R.A. 2001. How
to identify intestinal
microorganisms.
Journal of Immunology. 23:121-128.
b) Book: Sanchez, R. & Smith, R.A. 2001. How to identify
intestinal
microorganisms. In "An introduction to clinical microbiology".
G.B. Patrick &
W.S. Norman (eds).
c) Your book can not be one of the sources.
d) If web information is used provide the reference with the link. I will
randomly select
5-8 links from the class.
5. Keep in mind the deadline for submission of this report is Monday July
22 by
Professional Conduct: Academic
dishonesty (cheating or plagiarism) will result in an F for the entire course.
Please note that we consider cheating and plagiarism as being
equally unprofessional. For further
information, please check the following URL:
http://www3.nau.edu/biology/policies.cfm
Note: The
insurance policies carried by the university do not provide for medical coverage
for students while participating in university related activities.
Students are strongly encouraged to obtain their own medical/health
insurance either through coverage using their parents insurance plans or
purchasing their own insurance through the
Tentative Lecture Schedule:
No set timetable will exist to cover material but EXAM DATES ARE SET IN
STONE. Material covered on the exam
will include that covered through the class period prior to the exam unless
other specific conditions are set in class. It is unlikely that we will have
time to cover all of the material listed below. If a group of students has
a particular desire to learn about a particular topic, disease or microbial
pathogen, bring that to my attention as early in the semester as possible.
Topic
Date
Chapter 1.
The microbial world and you
July 8
Chapter 3.
III. Observing microorganisms through a microscope
Chapter 4.
IV. Functional anatomy of Prokaryotic
and Eukaryotic cells.
A. Prokaryotic versus Eukaryotic cell structure
B. The functional anatomy of prokaryotic
and eukaryotic cells
Chapter 5. Microbial Metabolism.
A. Fundamental concepts of metabolism and the importance of enzymes, catabolism
versus anabolism.
B. Glycolysis
C. Krebs cycle
D. The electron transport system, the proton
pump and ATP production.
E. The integration of anabolic pathways into the catabolic pathways
Chapter 6. Microbial Growth
A. Physical and chemical requirements for microbial growth
B. Varieties of culture media
C. Preserving bacterial cultures
D. Quantitation of the growth of bacterial
cultures
Chapter 7. Physical and Chemical Control of Microorganisms
Chapter 8. VIII. Microbial genetics
A. Fundamental concepts and jargon in genetics
B. Genetic information is primarily used to synthesize enzymes
C. DNA replication and repair
D. RNA synthesis
E. Protein synthesis
F. Control of gene expression
G. Molecular basis of mutations
H. Sex in eukaryotes versus gene transfer in prokaryotes (bacteria)
Chapter 10.
The formal classification of living organisms and the problems of classifying
microorganisms
A. Difficulties with determining the phylogenetic
relationships between microorganisms and
macroscopic living things
B. The traditional five kingdom system
C. Genetic relationships determined by gross morphology versus molecular
genetics
D. The impact of Carl Woese and the development
of the three domain system
Clinical case report due
July 22
Chapter 13.
An Introduction to the Viruses
A. Concept of a Virus
B. Fundamental Virus Structure
C. Virus Life Cycles
D. Lytic Life Cycles Versus
Latent Life Cycles
E. Oncogenic (cancer causing) Viruses
Chapter 15. Microbial mechanisms of pathogenicity
Chapter 16. Nonspecific human resistance
to infection by microorganisms
Exam 3 July 26
Chapter 17. The specific immune
response
A. The concept of the development of immunity specific to a
Particular pathogen
B. Development of an antibody response, the nature of specific
antibody protection against pathogens
C. The stages in the development of any immune response
D. The nature of cell-mediated immune response
E. Vaccines and diagnostic immunology
Chapter 19. Hypersensitivities (allergies)
and autoimmunity.
Chapter 25. Microbial diseases of the skin
Chapter 26. Sexually transmitted
diseases