B. Physical characteristics:
- Average annual precipitation (Sellers and Hill 1974):
22.78 inches (Bright Angel Ranger Station)
8.39 (Phantom Ranch)
- Average frost-free season(Sellers and Hill 1974):
184 days (Bright Angel Ranger Station)
342 days (Phantom Ranch)
- Physiographic Province: Grand Canyon Section of the Colorado Plateau Province (Hunt 1974).
- Elevation: 1773 to 2072m (5,820 to 6,800 feet)
- Slope (%): 0- 90%
- Aspect: South-facing, disturbed slopes.
- Parent material: The lower two of the Supai Formation's four, Permian- and Pennsylvanian-aged members: the upper Manakacha Member (a sandy limestone and calcareous shale) and the lower Watahomigi Member (a limestone with lenses of chert, siltstone, and mudstone) (Billingsley 1978).
- Soil texture: gravelly loam
- Soil pH: 7.9 to 8.4 (Lindsay in preparation)
- Depth of litter: no litter, but old, dead growth lies under plant
- NRCS Soil Map Unit: "706, included in 661" Lithic ustic Torriorthents: colluvium and residuum derived from sedimentary rock (Lindsay in preparation).
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C. Biological characteristics:
- Vegetation: Pinyon-juniper woodland as it intergrades with Inner Canyon chaparral and desert scrub.
- Biotic Community: Pinyon-juniper series of the Great Basin Conifer Woodland, (Warren et al. 1982)
- Dominant associated species: Cercis occidentalis var. orbiculata, Robinia neomexicana, Garrya flavescens, Populus fremontii, Quercus gambelii, Ostrya knowltonii, Penstemon pachyphyllus, and Oryzopsis hymenoides. Other associated species: Macaranthera spp, Gutierrezia spp, Hedeoma spp, Clematis spp, Heterotheca villosa, Solidago spp, Rubus neomexicana, Gara spp, Bromus tectorum, Ceanothus spp, and Purshia stansburiana.
- Other Threatened/Endangered species: None in vicinity. A rare butterfly, Papilio indra kaibabensis Bauer, Grand Canyon swallowtail, a short-tailed black swallowtail (Garth 1950) has been documented in the vicinity of Roaring Springs Canyon. Its food source is noted to be wild parsley, possibly Pteryxia petraea. The Arizona Game and Fish Department's Heritage Data Base Management System and the NatureServe™ ranks this swallowtail's global rank as G5, meaning demonstrably secure, with more than 100 occurrences.
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